Economic Impact of Agriculture
Missoula County
Missoula County is a heavily populated county located in the western portion of the state, and contains the major town of Missoula. About 15% of land in Missoula County is classified as farm land.
Overview
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| Median Farm Size (acres) | 20 |
| Average Farm Size (acres) | 452 |
Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017
Farm Revenue
Farm revenue (which includes the market value of products sold, government payments,
and farm-related income) were over $15 million while production expenses were $18
million. Government payments were 2.7% of farm revenues.
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| Net Farm Cash Income | $(2,953,000) |
Source: Census of Agriculture: Tables 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6: 2017
Taxation
The market value of all property in Missoula County was approximately $16 billion in 2019. The taxable value assigned by the Montana Department of Revenue was $259 million. Agricultural Property (as defined by Montana Department of Revenue as Class 3 property) comprised 0.22% of the county's taxable value.
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2014 |
| Market Value of Property | $16,156,159,911 | $8,132,348,778 |
| Taxable Value of All Property | $259,247,554 | $204,330,726 |
| Taxable Value ofAgricultural Property | $579,102 | $519,186 |
| Ag Taxable Value as % of All Property | 0.22% | 0.25% |
Source: Montana Dept. of Rev. Montana Taxes by County in2018and Montana Taxes by County in2014
Market Value of Crops and Livestock
After adjusting for inflation, the market value of crops increased by 69%, while the
market value of livestock decreased by 52%, from 1997 to 2017.
Sources: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017 and St. Louis Fed Producer Price Index
Crops and Livestock
Cattle (32%) and hay (29%) comprised 61% of total crop and livestock sales in 2017.
Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 2: County Summary Highlights: 2017
Farm Size by Acres
The percentage of smaller farms, less than 500 acres, increased from 90% to 93%, while
the percentage of larger farms, 500 acres or more, decreased from 10% to 7% from 2012
to 2017.
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by Acres |
2017
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2012
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Farms |
%
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Number of
Farms |
%
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1 to 9
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171
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30
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130
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20
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10 to 49
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210
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36
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242
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38
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50 to 179
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108
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19
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138
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22
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180 to 499
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47
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8
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63
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10
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500 to 999
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19
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3
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31
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5
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1,000 or more
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21
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4
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33
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5
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TOTAL
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576
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100
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637
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100
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Farm Size by Sales
The percentage of the smallest farms with less than $100,000 in sales and the largest farms with sales of $100,000 or more were virtually unchanged from 2012 to 2017.
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by Sales |
2017
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2012
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Farms |
%
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Number of
Farms |
%
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Less than 2,500
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334
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58
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356
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56
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2,500 to 4,999
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71
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12
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81
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13
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5,000 to 9,999
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52
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9
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59
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9
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10,000 to 24,999
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44
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8
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67
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11
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25,000 to 49,999
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27
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5
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20
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3
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50,000 to 99,999
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27
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5
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25
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4
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100,000 or more
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334
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58
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356
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56
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TOTAL
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576
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100
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637
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100
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Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017
Tillage and Land Use
The percentage of farms using reduced tillage or cover crops increased, while the
percentage of farms using no till or intensive tillage decreased from 2012 to 2017.
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2017
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2012
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Farms |
%
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Number of
Farms |
%
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No tillage
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23
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4
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34
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5
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Reduced tillage
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17
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3
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9
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1
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Intensive tillage
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30
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5
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38
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6
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Cover crops
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27
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5
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18
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3
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TOTAL
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576
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637
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Producer Profile
The county producer population was older than the Montana producer population. Twenty-seven percent of county producers were under 55 years of age, while 40% were over 65 years of age. Thirty-four percent of the Montana producer population were under 55, while 36% were over 65 years of age. Fifty-six percent of producers in the county were males, while 60% of Montana producers were males. Farming was the primary occupation for 33% of county producers, while farming was the primary occupation for 50% of Montana producers.
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County
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State
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Producers |
%
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Number of
Producers |
%
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Age
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18 -25
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6
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1
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570
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1
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25 to 34
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21
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2
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3,285
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7
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35 to 44
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88
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9
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5,179
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11
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45 to 54
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162
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16
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7,309
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15
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55 to 64
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307
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31
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13,838
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29
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65 to 74
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276
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27
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11,469
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24
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75 and older
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129
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13
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5,587
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12
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Gender
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Male
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566
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56
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28,563
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60
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Female
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440
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44
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18,673
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40
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Primary Occupation
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Yes
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331
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33
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23,847
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50
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No
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675
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67
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24,314
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50
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TOTAL PRODUCERS
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1,006
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100
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48,161
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100
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Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 45 Selected Operation and Producer Characteristics
Top Crops by Acre
The top crop was hay & haylage.
Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017
Top Livestock
The top livestock were cattle, sheep, poultry (chickens and turkeys), and hogs.
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Cattle
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5,772
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Chicken - Layers
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2,087
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Sheep
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739
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Chicken - Broilers
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240
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Hogs
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141
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Turkeys
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24
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Source: Census of Agriculture: Tables 11 (Cattle) and 13 (Sheep) and 19 (Poultry)
Employment Impact
Agricultural production employed 1,546 workers, or 2% of the county’s labor force.
According to IMPLAN, economic impact model, 577 of the workers were directly employed
in production agriculture. An additional 577 workers were employed in businesses
supporting agricultural production, such as feed and fertilizer dealers, and another
392 workers were employed in other related businesses, such as grocery and drugs stores.
For every 10 jobs on farms and ranches, 17 additional jobs are generated in the county.
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Impact Multipliers |
| County Labor Force | 62,324 | |
| Direct Impact | 577 | |
| Indirect Impact | 577 | 1.00 |
| Induced Impact | 392 | 0.68 |
| Total Impact | 1,546 | 1.68 |
| Agriculture Share (%) | 2 |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, www.bls.gov/#cntyaa and IMPLAN Estimates
Value Added Impacts
Farms and ranches generated $28.9 million of value-added, or less than 1% of the county’s
total gross domestic product of $5,389 million in 2017. According to IMPLAN, $5.8
million was directly contributed by farmers and ranchers. An additional $17.3 million
was generated by businesses supporting agricultural production and $5.8 million was
generated by other related businesses. Each dollar of value-added in agriculture
by a farmer or rancher contributes an additional $4 of value-added in other sectors
of the county’s economy. This significant contribution to the local economy is because
Missoula is an economic hub for western Montana.
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Impact Type |
($1 million) |
Impact Multipliers |
| County GDP* | 5,389.0 | |
| Direct Impact** | 5.8 | |
| Indirect Impact** | 17.3 | 3.00 |
| Induced Impact** | 5.8 | 1.00 |
| Total Impact** | 28.9 | 4.00 |
| Agriculture Share (%) | 1 |
Sources: * St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank, ** IMPLAN Estimates
References
- 2017 Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Montana, State and County Data, Volume 1, Geographic Area Series, part 26 https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_State_Level/Montana/mtv1.pdf
- Department of Revenue “Montana Taxes by County in 2014“ https://mtrevenue.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/2014-Taxes-by-County.pdf
- Department of Revenue “Montana Taxes by County in 2018” https://mtrevenue.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/2018-Taxes-by-County.pdf
- St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank (2017). Current dollar gross domestic product by county
for Montana, retrieved from https://fred.stlouisfed.org/release/tables?rid=397&
eid=1062609&od=2017-01-01# - St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank (2020). Producer price index for all commodities, St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank, retrieved from https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PPIACO
- Bureau of Labor Statistics (2017), Montana labor force, retrieved from https://bls.gov/lau/#cntyaa
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